54 presidential orders were issued from 1950 to 2019 to extend the provisions of the Constitution of India to Jammu and Kashmir with modifications and exceptions.

Apart from applying provisions of the Constitution of India, the safeguards and protections for Jammu & Kashmir and its permanent residents were also incorporated in these presidential orders. The first order- The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) order, 1950 was issued by the President of India on January 26, 1950.

As per a document, 34 orders were issued between 1954 and 1975 when National Conference founder and former chief minister Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah was in the jail.

The document reveals that the highest number of presidential orders were issued in I967, 1972 and 1976. Four orders each were issued in these three years. Three orders each were issued in 1952, 1964 and 1971 and two orders each were issued in 1958, 1959, 1960, 1966, 1969, 1974, 1975, 1985 and 1989.

One order each was issued in 1950, 1954, 1956, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1968, 1977,1986,1993 , 1994, 1995, 1996, 2017 and 2019, the document lays bare. It has also come to fore that no presidential order was issued for a period of 21 years between 1996 and 2017. Recently the Centre extended Goods and Services Tax(constitution amendment 101) to Jammu and Kashmir in 2019 when PDP and BJP government was in power.

Prior to August 5, 2019, the last presidential order was issued on March 01, 2019, when Centre extended the 103rd constitutional amendment to extend 10-per cent reservation in government jobs and education to the economically backward section in the general category.